托福閱讀拿高分真的是亞洲學生可以好好把握的！聽力太快聽不懂，口說口音不漂亮，但是閱讀絕對是付出一定會有收獲！所以一定要好好把托福閱讀hold住，其它科再多努力，破百不會很困難的。
上一篇提到：托福閱讀必考十種題型，不同題型對應不同的解題技巧。首先，托福要考的，不是要你理解全部文章詳細的內容，懂每一個名詞，而是去了解文章的summary和文章的架構跟邏輯思考的能力。
通常在看到文章之後有三種做題方法：
1. 全部閱讀完後再做題：只推薦給記憶力很好或英語程度已經很好跟閱讀理解很強的人。
2. 直接做題：這種方式很快，但也相對比較不安全，可能會漏掉什麼重要資訊，而且在缺乏理解文章的大意下，會很難做最後的Summary題。
3. 讀完outline再做題：這是折衷方式也是最適合初學者的方式，可以花3分鐘時間閱讀完intro和conclusion的頭尾句和中間段落的第一句，這樣對整篇文章會有一個大致上的概念。
做題時請遵循下列步驟：
1. 從題目辨別是十大題型的哪種類型
2. 根據題目類型依據不同技巧解題
3. 檢討錯題，了解錯誤原因，查不會單字
再來就是各題型的解題技巧：
1. 單字題：單字題是最好拿分的題型，只要平時累積的單字量夠，在實戰上單字題根本就是送分題。但是總避免不了單字不懂或不確定的情況。托福常常會有陷阱題，例如有一個字有眾多不同意思，但是放進不同的句子裡就不見得適合。因此在遇到phrase或不會的單字時，建議可以把選項代入文句，閱讀上下文，必須確保文法和語意上的正確。
2. 指代題：指代題的解題技巧就是「往前一句」找主詞，Ex: The dog are very cute. They are playing together. 此時的they所指的就是the dogs. 如果說前一句的主詞與一不一致就在往前找，確保選項代入後的語意和文法(單複數等等)都正確。
3. 細節題：細節題我自己的作題方法是在題目中找關鍵字再回去文章定位，Ex: According to paragraph 1, why is play difficult to define? 定位完成後，回到文章去找類似的字，這時候要考驗單字的量跟paraphrase的技巧了～
Play is easier to define with examples than with concepts. In any case, in animals it consists of leaping, running, climbing, throwing, wrestling, and other movements, either along, with objects, or with other animals. Depending on the species, play may be primarily for social interaction, exercise, or exploration. One of the problems=(difficult)in providing a clear definition of play is that it involves the same behaviors that take place in other circumstance--dominance, predation, competition, and real fighting. Thus, whether play occurs or not depends on the intention of the animals, and the intentions are not always clear from behaviors alone.
文章用scan的方式瀏覽，看到problem對應difficult就可開始詳細閱讀。
4. 推論題：是我最弱的部分，通常會用定位法+排除法來作答，一樣先從題目中抓關鍵字。
Ex: It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that the Head Start program was designed to serve children who
While many programs designed for preschoolers focus primarily on social and emotional factors, some are geared mainly toward promoting cognitive gains and preparing preschoolers for the formal instruction they will experience when they start kindergarten. In the United States, the best-known program designed to promote future academic success is Head Start.( Established in the 1960s when the United States declared the War on Poverty, the program has served over 13 million children and their families. The program, which stresses parental involvement, was designed to serve the “whole child”, including children’s physical health, self-confidence, social responsibility, and social and emotional development.
A. Come from families that do not have a lot of money
B. Are not doing very well in kindergarten (未提及，排除)
C. Were born in the 1950s (Head Start建立於1960年，矛盾，排除)
D. Need programs that focus primarily on social and emotional factors (之前的program，不是Head Start，排除)
這題比較簡單用定位即可找到答案，文章說Head Start這個program在1960年當美國宣布''war on poverty''時所建立，因此可推論出(A)是為貧窮家庭很設計的。
5. 排除題：排除題的做法其實跟細節題很像，首先也是在題目中定位關鍵字，不同的是我會先讀選項，抓出關鍵字後再去讀文章。
All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 2 as ways that Venice provided rowers for its galley EXCEPT
A. Requiring business associations to provide sailors
B. Recruiting sailors from other cities in northern Italy
C. Drafting Venetian citizens into services as rowers
D. Appealing to the traditions of Venice as a sea power.
接著開始閱讀文章
This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade. First, Venice’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea, where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties, were lost to direct trading. In the fifteenth century there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys (開始進入重點) (large ships propelled by oars): guilds (business associations)(對應A選項) were required to provide rowers, and through a draft system free citizens(對應C選項) served compulsorily when called for. In the early sixteenth century the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships (round-hulled ships with more cargo space), with required fewer rowers. But the shortage of crews proved to be a greater and greater problem, despite continuous appeal to Venic’s tradition(對應D選項) of maritime greatness. Even though sailors’ wages doubled among the northern Italian cities from 1550 to 1590, this did not elicit an increased supply.
只有答案B沒有被提及，所以答案為B
6. 修辭目的題：遇到這種題型的時候，第一步我會先看被框起來的句子，再來閱讀上下文，基本上我會先往前找，並且找「轉折詞」或「加強語氣的詞」。
Ex: Why does the author mention “Alexander the Great” in the passage?
The source of Roman obsession with unity and cohesion may well have lain in the pattern of Rome’s early development. Whereas Greece had grown from scores of scattered cities, Rome grew from one single organism. While the Greek world had expanded along the Mediterranean seas lanes, the Roman world was assembled by territorial conquest. Of course, thecontrast is not quite so stark: in Alexander the Great the Greeks had found the greatest territorial conqueror of all time; and the Romans, once they moved outside Italy, did not fail to learn the lessons of sea power. Yet the essential difference is undeniable.
A. To acknowledge that Greek civilization also expanded by land conquest
B. To compare Greek leaders to Roman leaders
C. To give an example of Greek leader whom Romans studied
D. To indicate the superior organization of the Greek military
閱讀被標底色的部分之後，發現他是前一句內容的例子，說明他們的比較並非如此絕對，希臘也有陸軍，前面又提到希臘是海洋型部隊，所以可以選A希臘不是只有海軍也有強大的陸軍。
7. 句子簡化題：句子簡化題其實考的就是換句話說的能力，有些句子看起來很長，但是其實只要抓住句子的主詞動詞受詞
A. The punctuated equilibrium hypothesis challenged gradualism, which holds that species evolve in relatively sudden bursts of brief duration 未提及
B. The punctuated equilibrium hypothesis developed by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge was challenged in 1972. 是他們提出新的想法而不是他們被挑戰
C. In 1972 Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge challenged gradualism by positing that change from one species to another cannot occur without a lengthy transition period. 與原意相反
D. The punctuate equilibrium hypothesis, in opposition to gradualism, holds that transitions from one species to another occur in comparatively sudden burst.
因此答案選D
8. 句子插入題：首先，先判斷題目裡有沒有什麼暗示，例如代詞、轉折詞等等，像這題，關鍵字就是For this reason，代表上一句正在陳述一個原因，而後面幾句又是在陳述在沙漠的情況。
For this reason, the total amount of plant material in a desert is often 100 times less than the amount of plant material in an equivalent area of temperate forest.
The harsh conditions in deserts are intolerable for most plants and animals. Despite these conditions, however, many varieties of plants and animals have adapted to deserts in a number of ways. Most plant tissues die if their water content falls too low: the nutrients that feed plants are transmitted by water; water is a raw material in the vital process of photosynthesis; and water regulates the temperature of a plant by its ability to absorb heat and because water vapor lost to the atmosphere through the leaves helps to lower plant temperatures. □ Water controls the volume of plant matter produced. □ For this reason, the total amount of plant material in a desert is often 100 times less than the amount of plant material in an equivalent area of temperate forest.
The distribution of plants within different areas of desert is also controlled by water. □ Some areas, because of their soil texture, topographical position, or distance from rivers or groundwater, have virtually no water available to plants, whereas others do.
9. 文章大意題：最需要花時間完成的題目，因為你必須了解文章的架構和大意，因此我建議可以留三分鐘的時間來完成這道題。如果前面整套題做下來還是不太清楚文章的大意，那可以重新閱讀一遍第一段和最後一段的頭尾句和每一段的第一句，就能大概了解文章的主旨，再回去看選項，記得是要選「大意」，段落中的細節不要選～
再來平時做題的時候，一開始先了解文章的大意，千萬不要去鑽研每個字的意思，遇到不會的單字不要怕，就是去推敲，事後再回來查。建議新手在檢討閱讀的時候，可以練習把文章的大意和文章的架構寫下來，不會的單字就放進自己的單字本吧～
那平時怎麼增進閱讀的實力呢？真的就是大量的閱讀！推薦幾個平時我閱讀的教材
OG、TPO1. TPO！是的～最快的方法就是把TPO讀熟吧！遇到不會的單字就記下來，如果1～48篇都讀熟也了解了，基本上不考高也難了吧～很推菁英新出的「即刻救援」系列TPO托福真題單字書，按照TPO套數整理，複習超超超～級方便 (不過好像只有菁英學員才能有的福音...)
2. 托福分類字彙：這本書我覺得很好用！裡面的有很多托福的文章，從短到常都有，他會幫你列出一些單字和句型結構，同時可以增進閱讀、文法和字彙。
3. 免費線上資源 Times, CNN, BBC…如果說想看點學術外的內容，可以看看這些文章，可以順便了解一下現在的時事，但同樣的，遇到不會的單字還是要記下來喲！
其實我自己在準備托福閱讀的時候，我並沒有用太多的額外資源，真的就是大量的讀TPO，然後每天固定背單字，然後一定要用「技巧」去解題。其實托福要考你的不只是閱讀理解的能力，更重要的是邏輯！就是在解題的過程中會反覆的「因為⋯所以選項x不能選」的過程。所以說，如果文法單字都累積到一定的水準，再加上每天規律閱讀，是一定可以進步的！當初我一開始練TPO的時候，一篇文章大概錯七題吧哈哈，但是在某個寒假，我每天做一套閱讀，持續一個月，之後就真的能感受到自己的進步了。雖然之後TPO有時候還是錯很多，但是最後還是可以拿到29分的好成績喲！
準備托福真的是辛苦，但擊敗TOEFL的雀躍更是無可取代！有任何托福準備問題或是想要詢問的，都歡迎留言討論哦～
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